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July 29, 2016 by Peter T Young 2 Comments

‘And how do you get down in time for business every day?’

Someone asked, “Do you live on ‘Ālewa Heights? And how do you get down in time for business every day?”

The reply, “It takes me just eighteen minutes to come from my front door to my office, and twelve minutes of that time is spent, on the Rapid Transit cars.”

“It was on July 29, 1907, that the ‘Ālewa lands were opened to purchasers. At that time there was no road into the tract. Prospective purchasers were forced to climb up the face of the precipitous bluff which bounds Nu‘uanu Valley on the western side and scramble through a wilderness of lantana and guava to find the lots which the Territory was offering to home builders.”

“It was a dry, treeless hillside, blessed with a beautiful view, to be sure, but with little else to attract the man who wanted a home near enough the city so that he might go daily to business. It was only a stone’s throw from Honolulu, almost, but without a road the prospect looked not inviting.”

“As a consequence it is not surprising that when the sale of the newly opened lots took place they went for a song. Acre lots, within a mile of the post-office were sold tor prices ranging from $150 to $300. You could not buy those same lots now for less than ten times the figures paid three years ago.” (Advertiser, October 16, 1910)

“The first problem to be solved by the lot purchasers was a road. An improvement club was organized within a few-days, and although it took some-time to unravel the necessary official red tape, within six months a fine macadamized road had been built into the heart of the tract.”

“This road was built, out of the money paid by the ‘Ālewa people for their lots, with day labor furnished by the county.”

‘Water was the next necessity. The Territory had no money for water pipes, and the legislature would not meet for another two years. This did not daunt the ‘Ālewaites.”

“’If we buy the pipe, will you install it and give us water, and then credit what we paid for the pipe on our water rates?’ they asked the government.”

“’Delighted,’ was the reply, in the words of a well-known African hunter. So ‘Ālewa got its water supply. It was not much, it is true. A two-inch pipe connected with the ‘Ālewa quarry, but it sufficed temporarily.”

“With a fine road and a fairly good water supply the ordinary homesteaders would have been content. But they were not enough for the ‘Ālewa people. They wanted electric lights, and telephones and gas. So they proceeded to get them.”

“They also planned and partly carried out through the work of the club, a complete system of shaded roadways, laid out artistically with poinciana regias for one stretch of the road, golden showers for another, yellow poincianas for a third.”

“The purchasers of ‘Ālewa lots in 1907 quickly saw that is they were to obtain any assistance from the government it would be necessary to get together and work together for the common good.”

“The last year (1909) has seen continued improvement in our district. All of the lots in what is currently known as the residence district have been built upon (31 residences) and the owners have begun to fulfill the clause in their contracts which requires them to live at least one year upon their land.”

“Considering that a little over three years ago this district was a barren mountain side, shut off from the city by an almost unscalable pali, and producing nothing but kolu, guavas and lantana, (the homeowners were) proud of the progress in the district.”

“And when you look around at the pretty homes and the green lawns of the ‘Ālewa dwellers and feel the fresh cool air from the hills, and then look back at that wonderful view, you will wonder why in time you did not buy a lot on ‘Ālewa Heights.”

This summary comes from a community update on Ālewa Heights, published in the Advertiser, October 1, 1910. Today, the USGS Geographic Names Information System notes ‘Ālewa Heights is a “Populated Place.”

In 1910, there were “thirty-one families, with an estimated total population of ninety souls” (Advertiser, October 16, 1910;) today, Realtor-com notes the population is nearly 4,400.

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Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-WJ Cooper
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-WJ Cooper
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-Looking to Harbor
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-Looking to Harbor
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-WT Pope
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-WT Pope
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-Wade Warren Thayer
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-Wade Warren Thayer
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-Walter R Coombs (L)
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-Walter R Coombs (L)
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-Miss MB Coombs
Alewa Heights-Adv-Oct_16,_1910-Miss MB Coombs
View from Alewa Heights-PP-44-6-012-00001
View from Alewa Heights-PP-44-6-012-00001
Alewa-Heights-today-CivilBeat
Alewa-Heights-today-CivilBeat

Filed Under: Place Names, Economy Tagged With: Hawaii, Oahu, Honolulu Rapid Transit, Alewa Heights, Alewa

July 29, 2015 by Peter T Young 2 Comments

Tracks

Until the mid-1800s, Hawaiʻi overland travel was predominantly by foot and followed traditional trails. To get around people walked, or rode horses or used personal carts/buggies.

It wasn’t until 1868, that horse-drawn carts became the first public transit service in the Hawaiian Islands, operated by the Pioneer Omnibus Line.

In 1888, the animal-powered tramcar service of Hawaiian Tramways ran track from downtown to Waikīkī. In 1900, the Tramway was taken over by the Honolulu Rapid Transit & Land Co (HRT.)

That year, an electric trolley (tram line) was put into operation in Honolulu, and then in 1902, a tram line was built to connect Waikīkī and downtown Honolulu. The electric trolley replaced the horse/mule-driven tram cars.

“In those days – there were only four automobiles on Oahu in 1901 – you lived downtown because you worked downtown, you couldn’t live in Kaimuki or in Manoa.” (star-bulletin) The tram helped changed that.

HRT initially operated electrically powered streetcars on tracks through Honolulu streets. Power came from overhead wires. Its “land” component included investments into the construction and operation of the Honolulu Aquarium (now the Waikīkī Aquarium), a popular attraction at the end of the Waikiki streetcar line.

The rolling stock consisted of ten 10-bench cars; fifteen 8-bench cars; two closed cars; eight convertible cars and ten trailers. (Electrical Review 1902)

For the line work, wooden poles thirty feet long were used and placed about 100-feet apart. The necessary span wires are so placed to allow the trolley wire, which was 4/0 copper wire, about twenty-feet above the track. (Electrical Review)

“The company operates on twenty miles of trackage, which is continually being extended to anticipate the demands of traffic. The overhead trolley system is in vogue, with power supplied from a modern generating plant operated by oil fuel. The entire equipment conforms to the latest offered by modern invention, providing for safety, durability and comfort.” (Overland Monthly, 1909)

“The company’s service extends to Waikiki beach, the famous and popular resort of the Hawaiian and tourist, and where the aquarium, the property of the company, is one of the great objects of attraction. Kapiʻolani Park, the Bishop Museum, the Kahauki Military Post, the Royal Mausoleum, Oʻahu College and the Mānoa and Nuʻuanu valleys are reached by the lines of this company.” (Overland Monthly, 1909)

The streetcars were replaced completely by buses (first gasoline and later diesel buses.) Bus service was inaugurated by HRT in 1915, initially using locally built bodies and later buses from the Mainland (acquired in 1928.)

Trolley buses operated on a number of HRT routes from January 1938 to the spring of 1958. Electric street cars, first used by HRT on August 31, 1901, were withdrawn early in the morning of July 1, 1941. (Schmitt)

In 1885, Dillingham embarked on a land development project west of Honolulu and, like his continental counterparts, realized that this venture would not succeed without improved transportation to the area. He also figured that a railroad needed to carry freight, as well, in order to be profitable.

In 1888, the legislature gave Dillingham an exclusive franchise “for construction and operation on the Island of O‘ahu a steam railroad … for the carriage of passengers and freight.” He started O`ahu Railway & Land Co (OR&L.)

Ultimately OR&L sublet land, partnered on several sugar operations and/or hauled cane from ʻEwa Plantation Company, Honolulu Sugar Company in ‘Aiea, O‘ahu Sugar in Waipahu, Waiʻanae Sugar Company, Waialua Agriculture Company and Kahuku Plantation Company, as well as pineapples for Dole.

Likewise, OR&L hauled various stages in the pineapple harvesting/production, including the canning components, fresh pineapple to the cannery, ending up hauling the cased products to the docks.

By 1895 the rail line reached Waiʻanae. It then rounded Kaʻena Point to Mokuleʻia, eventually extending to Kahuku. Another line was constructed through central O‘ahu to Wahiawa.

OR&L’s passenger travel was an add-on opportunity that not only included train rides, they also operated a bus system. However, the hauling for the agricultural ventures was the most lucrative.

On August 5, 1899, as part of the O‘ahu Railway & Land Company (OR&L) rail system, the Hale‘iwa Hotel (“house of the ‘iwa”, or frigate bird) was completed.

Guests were conveyed from the railway terminal over the Anahulu stream to fourteen luxurious suites, each had a bath with hot-and-cold running water.

They even included a “Kodak Camera Train” (associated with the Hula Show) for Sunday trips to Haleʻiwa for picture-taking. During the war years, they served the military.

In 1899, Pacific Heights, just above Honolulu, on the south ridge of Nuʻuanu Valley was laid out and marketed. They built the Pacific Heights Electric Railway to support the housing development.

In town, in addition to service to the core Honolulu communities, HRT expanded to serve other opportunities. In the fall of 1901, a line was also sent up into central Mānoa.

The new Mānoa trolley opened the valley to development and rushed it into the expansive new century. In particular, it would help to sell a very new hilltop subdivision, “College Hills,” and also expand an unplanned little “village” along the only other road, East Mānoa. (Bouslog)

The Waikīkī Aquarium opened on March 19, 1904; it is the third oldest aquarium in the United States. Its adjacent neighbor on Waikīkī Beach is the Natatorium War Memorial. It was originally known as Honolulu Aquarium, it was renamed the Waikīkī Aquarium following its reconstruction in 1955

It was also a practical objective of using the Aquarium as a means of enticing passengers to ride to the end of the new trolley line in Kapiʻolani Park, where the Aquarium was located. (The trolley terminus was across Kalākaua Avenue from the Aquarium, near the current tennis courts.)

Many in the community hoped that the Honolulu Aquarium would help develop a flagging tourism industry with the Aquarium serving as a “point of interest.”

The City and County of Honolulu is in the process of building a $5.2-billion elevated rapid-transit line that will cover approximately 20 miles from East Kapolei to Ala Moana Center with 21-stations. (It now faces a budget shortfall of up to $900 million.)

The planned route passes through ʻEwa, Waipahu, Pearl City, ʻAiea, Kalihi, downtown Honolulu and Kakaʻako. The proposed route is scheduled for completion by 2019. Future plans call for eventually extending the line to the University of Hawaiʻi-Mānoa and Waikīkī. The Honolulu Rail system will use steel-wheel technology.

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© 2015 Hoʻokuleana LLC

Horse_drawn_tramcars,_Honolulu,_Hawaii,_1901
Horse_drawn_tramcars,_Honolulu,_Hawaii,_1901
Horse_drawn_tramcars,_Honolulu
Horse_drawn_tramcars,_Honolulu
Horse-drawn trolley on Beretania St., Honolulu-PP-38-5-008-1890
Horse-drawn trolley on Beretania St., Honolulu-PP-38-5-008-1890
Waikiki_Aquarium-1921 (UH)
Waikiki_Aquarium-1921 (UH)
Trolley-1900
Trolley-1900
Park your auto safely at home use the street car service.
Park your auto safely at home use the street car service.
Spring of 1901, the new carbarn of the HRT&L Company-(JLB Press)
Spring of 1901, the new carbarn of the HRT&L Company-(JLB Press)
OR&L Train thunders past Mokuleia Field, Oahu,-(hawaii-gov-hawaiiaviation)-c1942-1943-400
OR&L Train thunders past Mokuleia Field, Oahu,-(hawaii-gov-hawaiiaviation)-c1942-1943-400
OR&L-Honolulu-showing_City_Mill-founded_by_Sun_friend-Chung_Ku_Ai
OR&L-Honolulu-showing_City_Mill-founded_by_Sun_friend-Chung_Ku_Ai
OR&L Railway Depot
OR&L Railway Depot
OR&L Railroad 1891
OR&L Railroad 1891
OR&L-Iwilei-map
OR&L-Iwilei-map

Filed Under: Economy, General Tagged With: Honolulu Rapid Transit, Hawaii, Oahu Railway and Land Company, Hawaiian Tramways, HRT

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